Wood decay is caused by which organisms?

• A. Bacteria
• B. Fungi
• C. Algae
• D. Viruses

Answer: (B)

Wood decay is caused by fungi. Fungi are the primary decomposers of wood because they secrete enzymes that break down the wood’s main components, cellulose and lignin. This enzymatic action weakens and ultimately erodes the wood, leading to soft, crumbly, or hollow areas. Moisture and warmth make conditions ideal for fungal decay, which is why damp wood or wood in contact with soil decays more quickly. Bacteria can contribute to some decay, but they don’t dismantle wood as effectively as fungi. Algae don’t cause structural decay, and viruses don’t affect wood in a way that produces decay. So fungi are the main agents responsible for wood decay.